History 06/03/20 the Elimination of Zaporizhzhya Sich: why did Catherine II
Alarmed by the frequent rebellions of the Cossacks, Catherine 14 Aug 1775 issued a Manifesto on the elimination of Zaporizhzhya Sich. This emotional act of the Empress subsequently been discussed by the native historians, who came to the conclusion that the far-sighted Empress have done in that situation is absolutely correct.
Yemelyan Pugachev – as a pretext for repression
on the one hand, the Cossacks of the Zaporozhian Sich, which ran the freedom-loving fighters from all over Europe for several centuries, regularly guarded the Russian borders from the raids of the Crimean Tatars, the Turks and the steppe nomads. But at the same time, outlaws reigned in Zaporizhzhya Sich, did not give confidence that sooner or later the Cossacks did not go over to the enemies of the Russian Empire. The strongest confidence was undermined after the speech, Yemelyan Pugachev, Yaik Cossacks supported and are going to lure to his army the Cossacks of Zaporizhzhya Sich. Most worryingly, the Pugachev rebellion occurred in the midst of another Russian-Turkish war, when Catherine II had no additional forces for the war on two fronts – against external and internal enemies. Even after the army of Alexander Suvorov defeated Pugachev, declared himself Emperor Peter III and intending to release Ivan Antonovich, frightened by the scale of the revolt, Catherine II began to calm down. The Empress decided on a root to destroy all the germs of separatism that, in her opinion in the first place came from the Cossacks of the Zaporozhian Sich.
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it should be noted that Catherine II had every reason to doubt the loyalty of the Cossacks in Zaporizhia Sich. The fact is that Bohdan Khmelnytsky was actually blackmailing the Central government of the country, declaring that if the Russian monarchs will not take the Sich under his wing, he will be on the side of the Ottoman Empire. His son George was also not reliable, always occupying exactly the wrong direction, which was favorable to the Cossacks of the Zaporozhian Sich and himself. What can I say, if favored by Peter the great Ivan Mazepa betrayed him, joining the Swedes. However, this was not surprising, by and large Zaporozhye freemen throughout its existence did not recognize any Central power, be it Russia, Turkey or the Commonwealth. She had only their own short-term interests. Given the facts, Sich in the South of the Russian Empire more hurt policy of Catherine II, than defended the southern borders of the country. Yes and keep trading with that uncontrollable armed people was dangerous and uncomfortable. Caravans of merchants and the sovereign people were regularly plundered by the Cossacks. In light of the above, the appearance of the Manifesto on the abolition of the Zaporozhian Sich looks quite logical. However, the Cossacks decided to try my luck and appealed for protection to the Empress’s favorite, Grigory Potemkin, who was at the same time, Novorossiysk Governor-General. Giving rich gifts to influential nobleman, they called him Gracecom Necesay and spree. But it didn’t work. When Anton Golovaty officially appealed to Potemkin with the proposal on the preservation of Zaporozhye Sech condition its subsequent reform, the evil said: “can Not you stay; you are fast get up to mischief”.
Elimination or renaming
the Words Potemkin confirmed by the Empress herself, who, eliminating the Sich, listed the reasons that led her to do this. Among them was listed: looting, land grabbing, usurpation. But the thing that put blame Cossacks Catherine II, was their desire “to be a realm completely independent, under their own violent control”.
After almost a quarter of a century, knowing that it is impossible to leave the Cossacks live in the same place, Catherine 30 Jun 1792 signed a decree on the migration to the Kuban in the area of a moderabout the city of Yeisk.
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